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Ethereum P2SH Address Decoding: A Step-by-Step Guide
As a developer, understanding how to work with Ethereum addresses is crucial for building decentralized applications on the blockchain. One of the most complex concepts in Ethereum is the P2SH (Public Key Hash) addressing scheme used by the Ethereum network.
In this article, we will walk through the process of decoding a P2SH address using the associated hexadecimal script (hex.script). We will walk through a sample transaction and break it down step by step to understand how to decode it.
What is a P2SH address?
A P2SH address is a type of Ethereum address that uses a public key hash (PKH) instead of a private key. This means that the address is not directly associated with a specific wallet account, but is a digital signature that verifies the identity of the sender.
The Process of Decoding a P2SH Address
To decode a P2SH address, you need to know two things:
- The hex script (“hex.script”): This is the public hash of the sender’s private key.
- “scriptSig” and “scriptHash”: These are the two components of the hex script that contain additional information about the transaction.
Example: tx bea1e7ae7ecdc502215717f30d62a12085bb2866d8db730dfb626b60c337534c
Let’s look at a sample transaction tx bea1e7ae7ecdc502215717f30d62a12085bb2866d8db730dfb626b60c337534c. The hex script for this transaction is:
1 0x... (PKH of the sender's private key)
In this example, “PKH” stands for the hash of the public key.
Decoding the P2SH address
To decode the P2SH address, we need to combine hex.script, scriptSig, and scriptHash. Here’s what they look like:
tx bea1e7ae7ecdc502215717f30d62a12085bb2866d8db730dfb626b60c337534c
hex.script is 0x..., which is the PKH of the sender’s private key.
ScriptSig and ScriptHash
Let’s break down the individual components:
- ScriptSig: These are the first four bytes (
0x00 01) that contain the signature for the transaction. In this case, it is an empty signature.
- ScriptHash: These are the last two bytes (
0x8c 01) that contain the hash of the transaction data.
Decoded P2SH Address
Combining these components, we get:
tx bea1e7ae7ecdc502215717f30d62a12085bb2866d8db730dfb626b60c337534c
This is the decoded P2SH address 0x..., which represents the digital signature.
Example use case
To verify the authenticity of a transaction, you can use this decoded address to create a public key hash of the sender’s private key. You can then use the resulting PKH as a hex.script for any other transaction that uses P2SH addresses.
Once you understand how to decode P2SH addresses using the associated hexadecimal script and scriptSig and scriptHash, you will be on your way to building stable and secure decentralized applications on the Ethereum network.
